Effect of aqueous extract of whole plant of Phyllantus niruri on the immune system of healthy albino rats.
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Abstract
Background: The effect of aqueous extract of whole plant parts of Phyllantus niruri In some specific and non-specific immune response was investigated.
Methods: A total of 25 Albino rats weighting (250=300g) were used in this study. The rats were divided into five groups with 5 rats in each group. Group1 received normal saline, 2 and 3 were administered a single dose of the aqueous extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight respectively, 4 received of vitamins E (100 IU) and received vitamin C (100mg/kg) per oral respectively while group 5 received cyclophosphomide (30mg/kg body weight vial oral administration).
Results: The immunomodulation and the effect of the extract on the body weight, relative lymphoid organ weight, splenic cellularity and peripheral blood hematologic parameters were evaluated. The ingestion of the extract caused a significant increase (P< 0.01) in the body weight, weight and number of cells of spleen, lymph nodes, RBCs, WBCs and platelets. The extract of Phyllantus niruri increased (P< 0.01) and hemoglobin concentration in a non dose-dependent manner.
Conclusion: This plant extract also exhibited increased hypersentivity whilst enhancing the proliferative responses of splenic lymphocytes for both T cell and B-cell mitogens. Phyllantus niruri extract demonstrated significant potential as an immunomodulatory agent in a non-dose dependent manner and it may be important to carry out warrant further investigations to determine the phytochemical components attributable to the observed responses.
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