Comparative Evaluation of The Antioxidant Activities of Citrullus lanatus Rind Extract and Vitamin C in Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Renal Oxidative Stress in Albino Rats
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Abstract
Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been associated with oxidative stress and renal tissue damage in albino rats. There is growing interest in plant-derived antioxidants as safer and more sustainable alternatives to synthetic compounds such as Vitamin C.
Methods: Thirty-six male albino rats were randomly assigned into six groups (n = 6). Oxidative stress was induced using MSG (8000 mg/kg body weight). Treatment groups received watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) rind extract (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight) and Vitamin C for 28 days. Antioxidant biomarkers including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), and vitamins C and E were analyzed in kidney tissues using standard biochemical methods.
Results: MSG significantly increased MDA levels and reduced SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH activities (p < 0.05). Treatment with Citrullus lanatus rind extract significantly reversed these effects, showing antioxidant activity comparable to Vitamin C.
Conclusion: Citrullus lanatus rind extract exhibits significant antioxidant potential and may serve as a natural alternative to Vitamin C in mitigating MSG-induced renal oxidative stress.
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