Antibacterial activity of cinnamon bark extract against multidrug-resistant bacterial isolates
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Abstract
Background: Multidrug-resistant organisms are becoming a major healthcare challenge, making infections difficult to treat. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of cinnamon bark extract on multidrug resistant organisms which include Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi.
Methods: The isolates identity were confirmed using cultural, morphological and biochemical tests. The isolates were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) using Kirby-Bauer method. Antibacterial activity was evaluated through well diffusion method while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the plant extracts were determined using broth diffusion and plating methods respectively. ANOVA was employed for statistical significance (p-values <0.05).
Results: The result of AST revealed that all isolates were resistant to most antibiotics, except for some Pseudomonas species that were susceptible. The MAR indices of all enterobacteriaceae ranged between 0.8 and 1 and were adjudged to be multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria (MAR index ?0.2), while that of Pseudomonadaceae ranged between 0 and 0.3. Cinnamon bark extracts displayed significant antibacterial activity by producing clear zones of inhibition against test organisms. Ethanolic extract was more effective than aqueous extract at various concentrations. The ethanolic extract of cinnamon bark exhibited bactericidal effects against Pseudomonas sp. at 20mg/ml and against other organisms at 40mg/ml, whereas the aqueous extract was only effective against Pseudomonas sp. at 40mg/ml.
Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that cinnamon bark extract exhibit antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria, suggesting it potential for developing treatment against MDR infections.
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