Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity Profiles and Mouse Protection Tests of Aqueous Extracts of Ipomoea triloba (L.) and Glyphaea brevis (Malvaceae) in Singles and Combination on selected clinical isolates
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Abstract
Background
Acute Infectious Diarrhoea remains a significant global health issue and is a second leading cause of mortality and morbidity in Nigeria and worldwide in children below five years of age and geriartrics often caused by bacterial, viral, protozoal and helminthic infections that lead to dehydration and other complications. Hence, this study investigated the safety profile and degree of antidiarrhoeal protection offered by the plant extracts in singles and in combination.
Methods
The acute toxicity profiles and antidiarrhoeal (mouse protection tests) properties of aqueous extracts of Ipomoea triloba (L.) (IA) and Glyphaea brevis (GA) against selected clinical bacterial isolates (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhii, Shigella spp, Klebsiella pnuemoniae, Proteus spp and Morganella morganii.) were evaluated in singles and in combination. These extracts were prepared using standardized methods, and their acute toxicity profiles were evaluated using improved Lorke’s method.
Results
Results indicated LD50 values of 2449.0 mg/kg (IA) and 2449.4 mg/kg (GA) respectively. Mouse protection tests showed 94.00±10.50% protection when the extracts were administered in combination whereas the protection was reduced (54.76 ± 12.60 %) IA and (57.14 ± 21.21%) GA when the extracts were administered singly to the animals thus validating the use of the aqueous extracts of both plants folklorically.
Conclusion
Conclusively, these findings suggest that these plants possess potential antidiarrhoeal properties with relative non-toxic profiles thus, supporting their use locally in treating diarrhoea-related ailments. Further investigation into the active compounds responsible for these effects is required and ongoing
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