Evaluation of the Safety Profile of Ethanol Stem Bark Extract of Mangifera indica on Reproductive Functions of Male Albino Rats
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Abstract
Medicinal-plants are widely used globally for prevention and treatment of wide range of diseases. It is sometimes used as alternatives and/or adjuvants to modern-medicine. However, detailed toxicological-evaluation of most herbal-plants especially on Reproductive-functions has not been fully explored. This research focused on evaluating the effect of ethanol stem-bark extract of Mangifera indica on the Hormonal-profile and Semen-quality of male albino rats. Twenty-four male rats weighing between 120-150g each were used for this study. They were divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D) of six rats per group. Group D served as the control (without test substance) while groups A, B and C were fed with of 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg body-weight (BW) of the extract for the period of 4 weeks and then tested for the hormonal-profile and semen-quality. The results obtained from hormonal analysis showed that the extract produced significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of Luteinizing hormone-(LH) and Testosterone at 250mg/kg and also produced an increase in Follicle Stimulating hormone-(FSH) level at 1000mg/kg when compared with the control. However, the extract significantly (p<0.05) reduced the levels of Luteinizing hormone-(LH) and Testosterone at 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg while the level of Follicle Stimulating hormone-(FSH) was reduced at 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg. For the Semen-analysis, the extract significantly (p<0.05) increased the sperm-motility, sperm-morphology and sperm-count of the rats in a dose dependent manner with more pronounced effect at 1000mg/kg when compared with the control, this may be as a result of the ability of the extract to increase the level of Follicle Stimulating hormone-(FSH) which is responsible for spermatogenesis. This suggests that the stem bark of Mangifera indica may be incorporated in the formulation of male fertility drugs.
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