Anti -anemic, Anti-necrotic and Anti-fibrotic effect of Vernonia amygdalina post-treatment in Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-administered rats
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This study aimed to assess the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina (VAE) post-treatment on biochemical indices in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-administered albino rats. A total of thirty (30) male rats shared into five (5) groups were used. Group 1 received distilled water only; group 2 received 200 mg/kg VAE only while group 3 received a single oral dose of 25 mg/kg DMN on the first day. Group 4 and 5 received single oral dose of 25mg/kg DMN on the first day and were thereafter post -treated with 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg VAE respectively for one week. Results show that DMN administration caused significant (P?0.05) increases in aspartate aminotransferases (AST), alanine aminotransferases (ALT), total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), white blood cell(WBC), monocytes (MO), granulocyte (GR) and a significant (P?0.05)
decrease in reduced glutathione(GSH), hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells(RBC), platelets(PLT), and packed cell volume(PCV). However, VAE post-treatment resulted in a dose-dependent reversal of DMN-induced alterations of all the biochemical and hematological parameters determined towards normalcy. Histopathological studies showed that DMN administration caused severe hemorrhagic necrosis and fibrotic changes which corroborated the biochemical indices. The pathological damages were however mitigated after post -treatment with VAE in a dosedependent manner. This study suggests that Vernonia amygdalina elicits ant-anemic and hepato-protective effect probably through its bioactive constituents.
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